1. wish后的賓語從句
表示現在不能實現的愿望,從句的謂語用過去式;表示過去未能實現的愿望,從句的謂語用had + 過去分詞;表示將來不太可能實現的愿望,從句的謂語用would + 動詞原形。如:
I wish I knew the answer to the question.
我真希望知道這個問題的答案。
(事實上不知道)
I wish I had not wasted so much time.
我真希望沒有浪費這么多時間。
(事實是已經浪費了)
I wish you would go with us tomorrow.
但愿你明天跟我們一起去。
(你去的可能性不大)
2. as if 或as though引導的表語從句和狀語從句
表示與現在事實相反,從句的謂語用過去式;表示與過去事實相反,用had +過去分詞;表示與將來事實可能相反,用would + 動詞原形。如:
She looks as if she were sick.
她看起來像病了似的。 (其實沒病)
He looks as if nothing had happened to him.
他看上去好像什么事都沒發生似的。
(事實是出問題了)
He talks about the book as if he had written it.
他說起那本書來就好像是他寫的。
(書不是他寫的)
如果as if / as though引導的從句所表述的內容與事實相符,應用陳述語氣。如:
It looks as if our team is going to win.
看來我們隊要贏了。
(場上情況表明有可能)
3. if only后的句子
表示現在沒有實現的愿望,動詞用過去式;表示過去沒有實現的愿望,動詞用had+過去分詞；表示與將來事實可能相反的假設,謂語動詞使用would+動詞原形，could+動詞原形或虛擬語氣過去時,常譯為“要是……就好了”。如:
If only I could learn English well in one day.
要是能在一天內把英語學好就好了。
(事實上做不到)
If only I had not been late for the interview.
要是我面試沒遲到就好了。(事實上遲了)
If only Simon would reply to my letter.
要是西蒙能給我回信就好了。
(事實上不會回信)
4. would rather后的從句
表示現在的愿望,動詞用過去式;表示過去的愿望,動詞用had + 過去分詞。
I would rather she were not present.
我寧可她不在場。 (事實是她在場)
I would rather he had told me the truth.
我寧可他告訴我事實真相。
(事實是他沒告訴我事實真相)
5. It is (about / high) time后的定語從句
表示該做某事而沒做,從句謂語用過去式。
It is time that we went home.
我們該回家了。(實際沒走)
It is high time that you went to bed.
你早該睡覺了。
6. advise， suggest， order， require， command， demand， desire， propose， insist， request等后的賓語從句常用虛擬語氣,從句謂語動詞用should+動詞原形,should常被省略。
He proposes that we(should) discuss the problem further.
他建議我們進一步討論那個問題。