【重點(diǎn)詞語(yǔ)】
sign 打手勢(shì)，示意，簽名
quality 品質(zhì)，質(zhì)量
settle 安排，解決，定居
export 輸出，出口，輸出品
relate 有關(guān)，涉及
pension n.養(yǎng)老金/v.給予……養(yǎng)老金
【重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)講解】
1，Maori families enjoy sharing what they own and looking after one another.
毛利人的家庭喜歡共享他們擁有的東西，并樂意彼此照顧。
enjoy 欣賞，喜歡。后面常跟名詞/代詞/-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)。本句 enjoy后跟兩個(gè)-ing 形式短語(yǔ) sharing what they own 及l(fā)ooking after one another。這兒的-ing形式不能用不定式代替。例如：
Joan enjoys listening to music, but Jane enjoys reading novels.
瓊喜歡聽音樂，而簡(jiǎn)喜歡看小說。
除 enjoy外，通常后面要跟-ing形式(不可接不定式)的動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞還有：
consider，dislike， feel like，finish， give up，go，imagine， mind， practise， risk，suggest等。
例如：
Martin considered coming to China to study Chinese. 馬丁曾經(jīng)考慮過來中國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)中文。
I dislike arguing about money. 我不喜歡為金錢而爭(zhēng)論。
He has finished mending the car. 他已經(jīng)修完汽車了。
Have you decided to give up smoking? 你下決心戒煙了嗎？
2，The common meeting place for Maori is on the marae, an area of land with a meeting house, where all the important events take place. 毛利人的公眾聚會(huì)場(chǎng)所是麥利會(huì)堂-在一片空地上蓋有一個(gè)會(huì)堂，一切重大的活動(dòng)都在這兒舉行。
3，This is how they keep their way of life alive.
他們就是這樣保持自己的生活方式的。
1)alive adj. 活的，活著的；有活力的，有生氣的。這是一個(gè)表語(yǔ)形容詞(用作表語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))，一般不放在名詞之前作定語(yǔ)。我們可以說：
The fish is still alive.這條魚還活著。(作表語(yǔ))
也可以說：Let's keep the fish alive. 咱們把這條魚養(yǎng)著吧。(作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))
"這是一條活魚。"應(yīng)譯作 This is a live fish. (live[laiv] 是定語(yǔ)形容詞，作"活的"、"活著的"解。)
類似的以a- 開頭的表語(yǔ)形容詞還有：afraid, alone, asleep, awake等。例如：
The baby is asleep. 嬰兒睡著了。(試比較： a sleeping baby一個(gè)睡著的嬰孩)。
I don't think he is awake. 我想他還沒有醒來。
2) keep sth. alive是"使(某物)繼續(xù)有效、存在或進(jìn)行"的意思。又如：
Love will keep us alive.
4，Apart from their milk, the wool from their coats is used in expensive clothing. 除了羊奶外，山羊毛用來制作昂貴的服裝。
apart from作"除開"、"除……以外"解，在意思上相當(dāng)于besides。例如：
Apart from English, he is good at French. 除了英語(yǔ)外，他的法語(yǔ)也很好。
He has no other interests, apart from his work.
除了自己的工作外，他沒有其他的愛好。
Apart from me, there were ten people at the meeting. 除了我以外，會(huì)上還有10個(gè)人。
【語(yǔ)法－賓語(yǔ)】
1． 賓語(yǔ)（the Object）
賓語(yǔ)主要分為兩類：直接賓語(yǔ)（the Direct Object）和間接賓語(yǔ)（the Indirect Object）直接賓語(yǔ)由謂語(yǔ)直接引起的事物是動(dòng)作的直接承受者或結(jié)果，間接賓語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作間接承受者（給誰(shuí)或?yàn)檎l(shuí)而做）。
若直接賓語(yǔ)放在動(dòng)詞之后，間接賓語(yǔ)要用介詞to或for：
I'll return you the book tomorrow.
=I'll return the book to you tomorrow.
我明天把書還你。
Fetch us a few chairs, will you?
=Fetch a few chairs for us, will you?
下列動(dòng)詞常用for 引導(dǎo)間接賓語(yǔ)：make, buy, do, fetch, get, paint, save, spare, cook, sing等。
2． 賓語(yǔ)表示法
賓語(yǔ)可由名詞，代詞賓格，數(shù)詞，動(dòng)詞不定式，v-ing，形容詞及從句來表示。
復(fù)合賓詞結(jié)構(gòu)：常用的復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)有：
（1）名詞（代詞）+不定式 （2）名詞（代詞）+動(dòng)詞-ing形式
（3）名詞（代詞）+形容詞 （4）名詞（代詞）+副詞
（5）名詞（代詞）+介詞短語(yǔ) （6）名詞（代詞）+名詞
（7）it +形容詞（或名詞）+不定式
【賓語(yǔ)習(xí)題集錦】
一、 V-ing 作賓語(yǔ)：
1. I can't imagine ____ that with them .
A . do B . to do C . being done D . doing
2 .- I usually go there by train .
- Why not ____ by boat for a change ?
A. to try going B . trying to go C . to try and go D . try going
3. People can't help ____ the foolish emperor in the procession .
A. laugh at B . to laugh at C . laughing at D . laughing on
4. We're looking forward ____ the photo exhibition .
A. to visiting B . to visit C . to having visited D . visiting
5. - What are you going to do this morning ?
- I'm thinking of ____ to visit my aunt .
A . go B . going C . having gone D . my going
6. I really enjoy ____ that kind of job .
A. do B . doing C . to do D . to be doing
7. They wouldn't allow him ____ across the enemy line .
A. to risk going B . risking to go C . for risk to go D . risk going
8. - What do you think of the book ?
- Oh , excellent . It's worth ____ a second time .
A. to read B . to be read C . reading D . being read
9. Only one of these books is worth ____ .
A. to read B . being read C . of reading D . reading
10. She can't help ____ the house because she's busy making a cake.
A . to clean B . cleaning C . cleaned D . being cleaned
二、V-ing 的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)也可作賓語(yǔ)。它由物主代詞或名詞所有格加 V-ing 構(gòu)成。在口語(yǔ)和非正式用語(yǔ)中，該結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用人稱代詞賓格代替物主代詞，用名詞普通格代替所有格。如：
11. I can hardly imagine Peter ____ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.
A. sail B. to sail C. sailing D. to have sailed
12. I would appreciate ____ back this afternoon.
A. you to call B. you call C. your calling D. you're calling
13. How about the two of us ____ a walk down the garden?
A. to take B. take C. taking D. to be taking
三、V-ing 的被動(dòng)式表示被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作，放在動(dòng)詞或介詞后作賓語(yǔ)；V-ing 復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的被動(dòng)式也可作賓語(yǔ)。如：
14. The squirrel was lucky that it just missed ____.
A. catching B. to be caught C. being caught D. to catch
15. Do you mind ____ alone at home?
A. Jane's leaving B. Jane having left C. Jane's being left D. Jane to be left
16. He always insisted on his ____ Dr . Turner instead of Mr Turner.
A. been called B. called C. having called D. being called
四、若 V-ing 的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作之前，用 V-ing 完成式。當(dāng)然，forget, remember, regret 后接 V-ing 一般式或完成式均可表示上述意義。如：
17. She didn't remember ____ him before.
A. having met B. have met C. to meet D. to having met
18. - You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.
- Well , I regret ____ that.
A. to do B. to be doing C. having done D. being done
五、V-ing 的否定式在其前加 not。如：
19. - I must apologize for ____ ahead of time .
- That's all right .
A. letting you not know B. not letting you know
C. letting you know not D. letting not you know
六、動(dòng)詞不定式用賓語(yǔ)
20. We agreed ____ here , but so far she hasn't turned up yet.
A. having met B. meeting C. to meet D. to have met
21. I ____ to believe that God could make me enter a university.
A. reject B. require C. resist D. refuse
22. She pretended ____ me when I passed by.
A. not to see B. not seeing C. to not see D. having not seen
23. Little Jim should love ____ to the theatre this evening .
A. to be taken B. to take C. being taken D. taking
24. I would love ____ to the party last night , but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.
A. to go B. to have gone C. going D. having gone
七、常見以疑問詞(how / what / which / when / where 等)(why 除外)+不定式短語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)。
25. There isn't any difference between the two. I really don't know ____.
A. where to choose B. which to choose C. to choose what D. to choose which
26.- Have you decided when ____ ?
- Yes, tomorrow morning.
A. to leave B. to be leaving C. will you leave D. are you leaving
27. Last summer I took a course on how ____.
A. to make dresses B. dresses be made
C. to be made dresses D. dresses to be made
28. There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can't make up my mind ____ to buy.
A. what B. which C. how D. where
八、 V-ing 與不定式作賓語(yǔ)的區(qū)別
29. Don't you remember _____ the man before?
A. seeing B. to see C. saw D. have seen
30.- The light in the office is still on.
- Oh, I forgot ____.
A. turning if off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. having turned it off
31. She didn't remember ____ him before.
A. having met B. have met C. to meet D. to having met
32. Do you remember ____ me at a party last year?
A. meet B. to meet C. meeting D. met
33. I don't regret ____ even if it might have upset her.
A. to tell her what I thought B. to have told her that I thought
C. telling what I thought D. telling her what I thought
九、need , want , require 等接主動(dòng)的 V-ing 表示被動(dòng)的意義，而接不定式的被動(dòng)式才能表示被動(dòng)的意義。如：
34. This page needs ____ again.
A. being checked B. checked C. to check D. to be checked
35. The library needs ____ , but it'll have to wait until Sunday.
A. cleaning B. be cleaned C. clean D. being cleaned
36. This sentence needs ____ .
A. improve B. improving C. an improvement D. improved
【參考答案】
1-5 DDCAB 6-10 BACDA 11-15 CCCCC 16-20 DACBC 21-25 DAABB 26-30 AABAC 31-36 ACDDAB